Eye-level view of a serene landscape with a winding path The main characters of the book of Hosea are the pairs of God/Hosea and Israel/Gomer. By Israel, it’s clear from the geopolitical situation of the 8th century that Hosea means the 10 northern tribes that broke away from Judah after Solomon’s time. The divided political arrangement between Israel in the north and Judah in the south was aptly described by one scholar as “Two Nations Under God.” As we discussed previously,